THIS IS THE BASIC NEEDS FOR HUMAN BEING.

 

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs 

Abraham Maslow developed the theory oh human motivation now known as Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. A physiologist, Maslow noted that some human needs were more powerful than others. He divided those needs into five general categories, from most urgent to most advanced:  

Physiological Needs, Safety Needs, Social Needs,  Esteem Needs, and Self-Actualization Needs

Maslow first published his theory in the 1940s, and it became a widely accepted notion in the fields of psychology and anthropology. Maslow was a professor at brandies university from 1951 until 1969; his major texts included motivation and personality (1954) and toward a psychology of being (1962).

Abraham Maslow developed a model in which basic, low-level needs such as physiological requirements and safety must be satisfied before higher-level needs such as self-fulfillment are pursued. In this hierarchical model, when a need is mostly satisfied it no longer motivates and the next higher need takes its place.

1. Physiological Needs

Physiological needs are those required to sustain life, such as:

·       Air 


·      Water 


·      Nourishment 


·      Sleep 


  

                                      SLEEP

                                                      

                                           FOOD

  

  

                            WATER

 

                       

                                          AIR

According to Maslow's theory, if such needs are not satisfied then one's motivation will arise from the quest to satisfy them. Higher needs such, as social needs and esteem are not felt until one has met the needs basic to one's bodily functioning. 


2. Safety

Once physiological needs are met, one's attention turns to safety and security in order to be free from the threat of physical and emotional harm. Such needs might be fulfilled by:

·      Living in a safe area

·      Medical insurance


·      Job security


·      Financial reserves

According to Maslow's hierarchy, if a person feels that he or she is in harm's way, higher needs will not receive much attention.

3. Social Needs

Once a person has met the lower level physiological and safety needs, higher level needs become important, the first of which are social needs. Social needs are those related to interaction with other people and may include:

            Need for friends 


            Need for belonging 


            Need to give and receive love 


4. Esteem 


Once a person feels a sense of "belonging", the need to feel important arises. Esteem needs may be classified as internal or external. Internal esteem needs are those related to self-esteem such as self-respect and achievement. External esteem needs are those such as social status and recognition. Some esteem needs are: 


·      Self-respect 


·      Achievement 


·      Attention 
 

·      Recognition 


·      Reputation 


Maslow later refined his model to include a level between esteem needs and self- actualization: the need for knowledge and aesthetics. 


5. Self-Actualization 


Self-actualization is the summit of Maslow's hierarchy of needs. It is the quest of reaching one's full potential as a person. Unlike lower level needs, this need is never fully satisfied; as one grows psychologically there are always new opportunities to continue to grow. 
Self-actualized people tend to have needs such as: 


·      Truth 


·      Justice 


·      Wisdom 


·      Meaning 


Self-actualized persons have frequent occurrences of peak experiences, which are energized moments of profound happiness and harmony. According to Maslow, only a small percentage of the population reaches the level of self-actualization. 


EXCEPTIONS TO THE HIERARCHY OF NEEDS

1. People who feel self-esteem is more important than love

2. Those who feel creativeness is paramount are permanently

3. Those whose aspirations are permanently lowered, (I.e.) chronically unemployed

4. The “Psychopathic Personality” scarred from life's beginnings

5. Satisfaction of one need for a long time

6. Lack of desire to progress to higher needs

7. Those with high standards and values that will give up everything for one particular ideal

“A healthy man is primarily motivated by his needs to develop and actualize his fullest potentials and capacities. If a man has another basic needs in any active, chronic sense, then he is simply an unhealthy man”